Parking spaces in the age of shared autonomous vehicles :

23 We are on the cusp of a new era in mobility given that the enabling technologies for 24 autonomous vehicles (AVs) are almost ready for deployment and testing. While the 25 technological frontiers for deploying AVs are being crossed, we know far less about the 26 potential impact of such technologies on urban form and land use patterns. This paper 27 attempts to address these issues by simulating the operation of Shared AVs (SAVs) in the 28 City of Atlanta, USA, using the real transportation network with calibrated link-level travel 29 speeds, and travel demand origin-destination (OD) matrix. The model results suggest the 30 SAV system can reduce parking land by 4.5% in Atlanta, at a 5% market penetration level. In 31 charged parking scenarios, parking demand will move away from downtown to adjacent low32 income neighborhoods. The results also reveal that policymakers may consider combining 33 charged parking policies with additional regulations to curb excessive VMT and alleviate 34 potential social equity problems. 35 36